Recently, The New York Times ran an article about online learning. Many prestigious universities have made some of their courses available for free, including supplemental and support materials. There is even an article online profiling the best online university offerings available.
Let me begin by stating that I am a community college and homeschool educator. As a community college educator, I have a lot to lose if the completely automated, computerized lesson becomes the de facto method for education. As a homeschooling parent, I also have a lot to gain. Looking at this issue from both sides has given me a unique perspective into the possibilities and shortcomings of this method, which I shall detail below.
Pro: Education anytime, anywhere, for all
Well, this speaks volumes. The idea of democratizing our educational system is nothing new. There is an entire movement within the United States based on the Sudbury Massachusettes model. Children get to decide what they will study, and when. As a result, the child who does not express any desire to learn mathematics will suddenly decide that Algebra is exactly what they want to know one day (perhaps they will get frustrated at not being able to calculate when their toy car will collide with the toy train at the end of a ramp?)
I think there is something to the idea. People tend to learn best when they are motivated to do so, and not just by the promise of a new toy or of a good grade. When they feel that there is a legitimate need to learn some piece of information, people will do so. Online education is a wonderful tool for those self-motivated learners, who have the time and resources to follow through on what they learn online, to determine what knowledge they need to go out and internalize before grasping the concepts presented in their online course, to follow through on any subsequent learning activities that will cement that knowledge into their long-term memory in a usable way, and to be able to prove their acquisition of said knowledge to skeptical future employers and formal educational facilities in such a way as to make their manner of acquisition a moot point.
However, what of those who are just trying to absorb as much as possible in a desperate scramble to remain relevant in their jobs? What about students who lack the skills, knowledge or resources to determine when they are in over their heads – and what to do about it? Are they forever destined to slog through podcast after podcast, hoping to find a “quality” instructor – that is, one who speaks to them in a language they can understand? Or do they need a mediator for the information? A person who is well-versed in the discipline they are studying, enthusiastic about sharing it with others, and interested in mentoring those who perhaps possess the talent or interest, but lack basic skills?
I would pose that online education should not be developed as a means of replacing human educators. I think that it can be a great leveling tool – one that allows the first kind of student mentioned above to proceed at their own pace, to seek out their own avenues, to garner all the knowledge they can, and to prove it quickly and easily using online assessments that allow them to check their own progress and not bog down an educator with what is really a great task for a computer – analysis and computation. It can also allow for greater customization of education for those who are at opposite ends of the learning spectrum. It is much easier to identify a struggling student when the bar is set high and someone is really struggling to meet it. That person might be flagged using an algorithm within the software, and an actual person would contact the student to assist as much or as little as is required. In addition, students could put in requests for appointments with their instructors, so that even students who find the material to be quite easy to follow could ask for more challenging assignments. There could be virtual areas for students to communicate with one another, as well as their instructors, and everyone could do it on their own time – with guidelines in place regarding due dates of assignments, progression through material, etc.
You will notice that the human element isn’t removed from my scenario. To the contrary, I think greater teacher involvement might be the way to allow this type of education to really thrive. Teachers would likely need to be paid more money, due to the extra time commitment involved. However, the tasks that can be automated (grading of certain assignments, preparation of class lectures) should be and doing so might make larger class sizes more feasible. (I don’t know for certain. Are there any educators out there using this type of model who wish to weigh in?)
As a homeschool parent, I am finding myself most drawn to online education scenarios with actual human interaction. I think that there is a large benefit to being part of a greater whole, to receiving input from others – even if you choose to dismiss what is suggested. In most fields, collaboration is a really big part of the job, and certainly the online environment should be conducive to this practice. We have tried software that is completely computer-driven and found that there were gaps and places where my child’s lack of knowledge of a subject was hidden by a high score on an assessment. A living, breathing teacher might have noticed lack of participation or the confused look when a concept was presented, even if via webcam. Repeating a concept the student struggles with later in the course might have ensued – ensuring that the idea was actually taking root, as opposed to being memorized for the assessment then discarded.
And perhaps that is the ultimate issue – our idea of education has been reduced to scores on exams. We no longer cherish the acquisition of knowledge for its own sake. This is what online education in its current incarnation brings to the table. If we, the educational system, wish to continue to be relevant, we need to remember this and integrate the idea of knowledge acquisition for its own sake in our classrooms.